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Wildlife
- Birds - |
Hermit Thrush
(Catharus guttatus) Y/M |
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RANGE: Breeds from western and central Alaska,
northern Saskatchewan, and Newfoundland south to southern
Alaska, in the mountains to southern California, southern
Nevada, southern New Mexico, and western Texas, and east of the
Rockies to central Alberta, central Wisconsin, southern Ontario,
central Pennsylvania, western Virginia, western Maryland,
southern New York, and in the Black Hills in southwestern South
Dakota. Winters from southern British Columbia and the northern
United States south to Baja California, Mexico, southern Texas,
and southern Florida.
STATUS: Common.
HABITAT: In summer, inhabits coniferous, mixed, and deciduous
forests with intermediate to high canopy coverage; responds
negatively to intensive tree harvests. During migration and in
winter, also inhabits chaparral, riparian woodlands, arid
pine-oak associations, and desert scrub.
SPECIAL HABITAT REQUIREMENTS: Relatively undisturbed, rather
dense forests. Strongest nesting habitat association in
(1) Mountain hemlock montane forest, also with true fir, (2)
Ponderosa-pine-dominant, Douglas-fir-dominant, or northeast
mixed conifer forests, (3)Pine forest, also with
ponderosa on pumice, whitebark pine, or subalpine fir, and (4)
Subalpine scattered trees and shrubs.
NEST: Usually builds nest in a depression on the ground, under
rock ledges, or under low overhanging limbs. Sometimes locates
nests in shrubs or small trees near the ground, especially in
the West.
FOOD: Gleans most of its food from the ground. Eats insects,
spiders, snails, and earthworms, plus considerable amounts of
wild fruits in fall and winter.
REFERENCES: Adamus et al. 2001, Beal 1915b, DeGraff et al. 1980,
Forbush and May 1955, Miller 1999, Shunk 2004, Szaro and Balda
1982, Terres 1980, Verner and Boss 1980. |
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