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Wildlife
- Birds - |
Brown Creeper
(Certhia americana) Y |
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RANGE: Breeds from southwestern, central, and southeastern
Alaska, central Alberta, central Manitoba, and Newfoundland
south to southern California, across to extreme western Texas,
southeastern Nebraska, southeastern Missouri, southern Ontario,
eastern Ohio, and West Virginia; in the Applachians to eastern
Tennessee and western North Carolina; and to the lowlands of
Virginia, Maryland and Delaware. Breeds also through Mexico into
Central America. Winters generally through the breeding range,
withdrawing from the higher latitudes and elevations and south
throughout the eastern United States and southern Texas, the
Gulf Coast, and central Florida.
STATUS: Inconspicuous, but locally common.
HABITAT: Inhabits dense coniferous, deciduous, and mixed
woodlands, montane forests, and wooded swamps with standing dead
trees with loose bark. During migration and in winter, occurs in
open woodlands, scrub forests, parks, and suburban trees.
SPECIAL HABITAT REQUIREMENTS: Dead trees with loose bark,
preferably with a minimum dbh of 10 inches. Strongest
nesting habitat association in (1) Mountain hemlock montane
forest or mtn. hemlock mixed with true fir or Shasta red-fir,
(2) Sitka Spruce - western hemlock maritime forest, (3)
Northeast mixed conifer forest, (4) Douglas-fir-Port Orford
cedar forest, and (5) Douglas-fir-dominant mixed conifer forest.
NEST: Constructs nest between loose bark and the trunk of a
live, dead, or dying tree, generally 5 to 15 feet above the
ground. Occasionally nests in natural cavities or old woodpecker
holes.
FOOD: Explores tree trunks and branches for insects and larvae.
Also eats a small amount of mast.
REFERENCES: Adamus et al. 2001, Bent 1948, Davis 1978, DeGraff
et al. 1980, Johnsgard ????, Miller 1999, Shunk 2004. |
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